Humanitarian & Food Insecurity in Uganda Paper Choose a country in the 2019 Global Report on Food Crises (Review each other’s posts and each student choose

Humanitarian & Food Insecurity in Uganda Paper Choose a country in the 2019 Global Report on Food Crises (Review each other’s posts and each student choose a different country). Review the drivers of food insecurity for your selected country and provide an overview. Choose from: Afghanistan Bangladesh Central America Dry Corridor Djibouti Eswatini Iraq Lake Chad Basin Madagascar: southern and south-eastern districts Pakistan: Sindh province drought affected areas Palestine Sudan Syrian Arab Republic Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe 2. Choose one of the drivers and discuss method(s) for addressing this driver. Be realistic in your approach and remember to think about linkages to the drivers that could be addressed.The term “driver” is discussed in the article and is essentially the underlying cause(s) of food insecurity. For example, conflict is a major driver of food security around the world. Linkages to this particular driver cultural, geographic, or political. The idea is to discuss the root causes and associate factors that drive and perpetuate food insecurity.The answers should be at least 3 substantive paragraphs, well developed, referenced, and properly formatted. “Substantive” means that the writer has added to the dialogue with referenced facts or pertinent personal experience leading to a reasoned argument that advances the scholarly discussion. Discussion question answers must include at least one reference that is not from the assigned reading.Reference to appropriate authoritative resources and official websites. Must be accessible online. Use New Times Roman 12 font with 1” margins and APA style.The required readings & 2 example from other students are attached FSIN
Food Security Information Network
2019
Global Report
on Food Crises
JOINT ANALYSIS FOR BETTER DECISIONS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This third annual Global Report on Food Crises (GRFC
2019) marks another major collaborative effort between
numerous agencies in the international humanitarian
and development community to share their data,
analysis, knowledge and expertise regarding people
facing food crises. Producing this report is a complex
and iterative process, which is coordinated by the Food
Security Information Network (FSIN) but would not have
been possible without the dedication and contributions
of numerous agencies and individuals.
The report’s authors would like to thank the senior
advisers for their guidance and recommendations
during the technical consultations in October 2018
and February 2019, as well as their extensive feedback
on the report drafts: Mahalmoudou Hamadoun from
the Committee for Drought Control in the Sahel
(CILSS); Philippe Thomas and Giampiero Muci from the
International Cooperation and Development (DEVCO)
of the European Commission; Tiziana Buffagni from
the European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid
Operations (ECHO) of the European Commission;
Dominique Burgeon and Luca Russo from the Food and
Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO);
Laura Glaeser and Chris Hillbruner from the Famine Early
Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET); Bruno Minjauw
from the Global Food Security Cluster (gFSC); Josephine
Ippe from the Global Nutrition Cluster (gNC); Rob Vos
from the International Food Policy Research Institute
(IFPRI); Eshete Dejen from the Intergovernmental
Authority on Development (IGAD); José Lopez from
the Integrated Food Security Phase Classification
Group (IPC) – Global Support Unit; Andreas Schuetz
from the United Nations Office for the Coordination of
Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA); Domingos Gove from the
Southern African Development Community (SADC);
ii
GLOBAL REPORT ON FOOD CRISES 2019
Ricardo Sibrian from the Central American Integration
System (SICA); Lev Turner from the United States Agency
for International Development (USAID); Diane Holland
from the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF); and
Arif Husain and Yvonne Forsen from the World Food
Programme (WFP).
Special thanks go to the members of the core team
from the FSIN secretariat as well as from CILSS, FAO,
FEWS NET, GIEWS, gNC, gFSC, EC-JRC, IFPRI, IPC Global
Support Unit, WFP and UNICEF, who analyzed the data
and drafted the report. These included: Alessandro
Constantino, Anna Ziolkovska, Anne-Claire Mouilliez
(FSIN coordinator), Anne-Claire Thomas, Aurélien Mellin,
Darana Souza, Estefania Custudio, Francois Kayitakire,
Giacomo Laracca, Gwenaelle Garnier, Issoufou Baoua,
Jonathan Pound, Katy Williams, Katy Huang, Lavinia
Antonaci, Louise Mwirigi, Mario Zappacosta, Nicholas
Minot, Nora Hobbs, Nusha Choudhury, Panduleni Elago,
Paul Nforneh Ambe, Peter Thomas, Sophie Chotard and
Valentina Giorda.
We would also like to thank Eleonora Ponti and Lynn
Clark for the graphic design and Mattia Pinzone for
producing the maps.
We are grateful to the regional, national and country
advisers, experts and working groups who shared their
data, provided valuable insights and conducted the
analyses presented in this report.
We would like to thank the representatives of the donor
community who shared their information needs and
provided thoughtful views and feedback as end-users.
Finally, we greatly appreciate the European Union and
USAID for their financial contribution to the FSIN.
FSIN
Food Security Information Network
FOREWORD
This year’s Global Report on Food Crises highlights the plight of millions of people who
must fight every day against acute hunger and malnutrition.
The report also points the way towards solutions that can rebuild lives and livelihoods in
communities around the world.
Climate-induced disasters, economic crises and, above all, armed conflict, continued to
drive hunger rates and food insecurity in 2018.
Last May, the United Nations Security Council condemned the use of starvation as a weapon
of war.
Determined action is needed to uphold this pledge.
In this spirit, I welcome your efforts to focus on food and agriculture in times of crisis.
Let us all commit to building societies without hunger – and a world at peace.
António Guterres,
Secretary-General of the United Nations
GLOBAL REPORT ON FOOD CRISES 2019
iii
acronyms
‘‘I can describe the horrors of what it was like to live
under siege… but to describe how it feels to be
hungry? On day one it is bad, and on day two you
start to think, ‘what can I do about this?‘ Beyond
that I will not say.”
Syrian refugee
iv
GLOBAL REPORT ON FOOD CRISES 2019
CONTENTS
Acknowledgments…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ii
Foreword…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….iii
Key findings……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….1
Chapter 1: Introduction and methods……………………………………………………………………………………………………….4
Why this report?…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 5
Structure of the report……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 6
Geographical coverage: Selection of countries for the GRFC 2019…………………………………… 6
Analysis of acute food insecurity……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8
Analysis of malnutrition……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….10
Limitations……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………12
Chapter 2: Analysis of food crises in 2018………………………………………………………………………………………… 14
Key findings of 2018 and 2016–2018 comparisons…………………………………………………………………….15
Main drivers of food insecurity in 2018………………………………………………………………………………………………20
Population displacement trends……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..28
Addressing the needs of those on the cusp of Crisis………………………………………………………………..29
Overview of malnutrition in food crises in 2018……………………………………………………………………………32
Chapter 3: Main food crises in 2018……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 36
Afghanistan…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………38
Bangladesh: Cox’s Bazar……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..42
Burundi…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..46
Central African Republic……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..50
Central America Dry Corridor…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..54
GLOBAL REPORT ON FOOD CRISES 2019
v
contents
Democratic Republic of the Congo………………………………………………………………………………………………………58
Djibouti………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….62
Eswatini………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….66
Ethiopia………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….70
Haiti………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….74
Iraq……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………78
Kenya………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………82
Lake Chad Basin……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….88
Madagascar: southern and south-eastern districts…………………………………………………………………. 100
Malawi………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 104
Mozambique………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 108
Pakistan: Sindh province drought affected areas…………………………………………………………………….. 112
Palestine……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 116
Somalia………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 120
South Sudan……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 126
Sudan………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 132
Syrian Arab Republic…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 136
Uganda………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 142
Ukraine: Luhansk and Donetsk oblasts…………………………………………………………………………………………… 146
Yemen………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 150
Zambia……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 154
Zimbabwe………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 158
Chapter 4: Food security and nutrition forecast for 2019 ……………………………………………………. 162
The main drivers and risks for 2019…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 163
Acute food insecurity forecast for 2019…………………………………………………………………………………………. 165
Acronyms………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 178
Annexes…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 180
Bibliography……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 188
vi
GLOBAL REPORT ON FOOD CRISES 2019
© WFP/GIULIO D’ADAMO
KEY
FINDINGS
GLOBAL REPORT ON FOOD CRISES 2019
1
key findings
ACUTE FOOD INSECURITY
GLOBAL ESTIMATES IN 2018
More than 113 million people across 53 countries
experienced acute hunger requiring urgent food,
nutrition and livelihoods assistance (IPC/CH Phase 3 or
above) in 2018.
The worst food crises in 2018, in order of severity,
were: Yemen, the Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Afghanistan, Ethiopia, the Syrian Arab Republic, the
Sudan, South Sudan and north Nigeria. These eight
countries accounted for two thirds of the total number
of people facing acute food insecurity – amounting to
nearly 72 million people.
Countries in Africa remained
disproportionally affected by food
insecurity
The figure of 113 million people represents a slight
improvement over the number for 2017 presented in last
year’s report, in which an estimated 124 million people in
51 countries faced acute hunger.
Despite the slight decrease, over the past three years, the
report has consistently shown that, year on year, more
than 100 million people (2016, 2017 and 2018) have
faced periods of acute hunger.
The modest decrease between 2017 and 2018 is largely
attributed to changes in climate shocks. A number of
highly exposed countries did not experience the intensity
of climate-related shocks and stressors that they had
experienced in 2017 when they variously faced severe
drought, flooding, erratic rains and temperature rises
brought on by the El Niño of 2015-16. These include
countries in southern and eastern Africa, the Horn of
Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean, and the AsiaPacific region.
2
GLOBAL REPORT ON FOOD CRISES 2019
An additional 143 million people in a subset of 42
countries were found to be living in Stressed conditions
on the cusp of acute hunger (IPC/CH Phase 2). They
risked slipping into Crisis or worse (IPC/CH Phase 3 or
above) if faced with a shock or stressor.
High levels of acute and chronic malnutrition in children
living in emergency conditions remained of grave
concern. The immediate drivers of undernutrition include
poor dietary intake and disease. Mothers and caregivers
often face challenges in providing children with the key
micronutrients they need at critical growth periods in
food crises. This is reflected in the dismally low number
of children consuming a minimum acceptable diet in
most of the countries profiled in this report.
Primary drivers
Conflict and insecurity, climate shocks and economic
turbulence – the main drivers of food insecurity –
continued to erode livelihoods and destroy lives.
Conflict and insecurity remained the key driver in 2018.
Some 74 million people – two thirds of those facing acute
hunger – were located in 21 countries and territories
affected by conflict or insecurity. Around 33 million of
these people were in 10 countries in Africa; over 27
million were in seven countries and territories in West
Asia/Middle East; 13 million were in three countries in
South/South-east Asia and 1.1 million in Eastern Europe.
Climate and natural disasters pushed another 29 million
people into situations of acute food insecurity in 2018. As
in previous years, most of these individuals were in Africa,
where nearly 23 million people in 20 countries were
acutely food insecure primarily due to climate shocks.
Economic shocks were the primary driver of acute food
insecurity for 10.2 million people, mainly in Burundi, the
Sudan and Zimbabwe.
key findings
Food insecurity:
short-term outlook for 2019
Yemen, the Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Afghanistan, Ethiopia, the Syrian Arab Republic, the
Sudan, South Sudan and north Nigeria are expected to
remain among the world’s most severe food crises in
2019. Large segments of populations in most of these
countries risk falling into Emergency (IPC/CH Phase 4)
levels of acute food insecurity.
Climate shocks and conflict will continue driving food
insecurity and are expected once again to severely affect
several regions. Dry weather in parts of southern Africa
and drought in Central America’s Dry Corridor have
dampened prospects for agricultural output. El Niño
conditions are likely to have an impact on agricultural
production and food prices in Latin America and the
Caribbean.
The needs of refugees and migrants in host countries
are expected to remain significant in Bangladesh and
the Syrian regional crisis. The number of displaced
people, refugees and migrants are expected to increase
if the political and economic crisis persists in Venezuela
(Bolivarian Republic of).
TWO GLOBAL HUNGER REPORTS
This report complements the evidence reported
by The State of Food Security and Nutrition in
the World 2018 (ex SOFI), which identifies 821
million undernourished people. While the SOFI
estimate provides the scale of chronic food
insecurity worldwide, the Global Report on Food
Crises focuses specifically on the most severe
manifestations of acute food insecurity in the
world’s most pressing food crises.
The way forward
Ending conflicts, empowering women, nourishing and
educating children, improving rural infrastructure and
reinforcing social safety-nets are essential for a resilient,
stable and hunger-free world.
Information and technology can capture changes in food
security – especially in fragile countries and contexts – on
a near real-time basis. Though this report demonstrates
that overall, quality of data has improved, there are
countries for which there are data gaps. Collecting
and analysing data on vulnerable populations is vital
to ensure a situation analysis that identifies not only
outcomes, but hunger’s key drivers, for a targeted and
integrated response for multiple partners working in
development and humanitarian spheres.
In the last 10 years, humanitarian assistance and
spending needs have grown by around 127 percent
– approximately 40 percent of which went to cover
needs in the food and agriculture subsectors. The surge
in humanitarian needs – as well as the potential for
agricultural development and rural resilience-building to
provide a buffer against crises – highlights the need for a
new way of responding to the food security challenges of
this new era.
Investments in conflict prevention and sustaining
peace will save lives and livelihoods, reduce structural
vulnerabilities and address the root causes of hunger.
The findings of this report clearly demonstrate the
need for simultaneous action across the humanitarian–
development nexus to deliver a hunger-free world in the
21…
Purchase answer to see full
attachment